Laparoscopic gastric plication and its effect on saccharide and lipid metabolism: a 12-month prospective study

INTRODUCTION Laparoscopic greater curvature plication (LGCP) is a novel restrictive technique that reduces gastric volume by plication of the greater curvature. The advantage of LGCP is its reversibility in comparison to laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. Nowadays, the long-term LGCP efficacy, safety and metabolic effect are being investigated. AIM To assess body composition, clinical complications and metabolic changes in obese patients 6 and 12 months after laparoscopic greater curvature plication. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 70 subjects underwent LGCP; 52 of them (33 women and 19 men) completed 1-year follow-up study. Anthropometry and biochemical parameters (glucose, glycated haemoglobin, lipids, ghrelin, leptin, adiponectin and fibroblast growth factor 21 [FGF-21]) were assessed before and 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery. RESULTS All study participants exhibited statistically significant weight loss at both 6 and 12 months following the LGCP compared to baseline, with significant reductions in body composition - body weight, body mass index, percentage excess weight loss (%EWL), and percentage excess BMI loss (%EBL) (p ≤ 0.001). Moreover, significant lowering of glucose and glycated haemoglobin, triacylglycerols and leptin was observed 12 months after LGCP. On the other hand, plasma concentrations of ghrelin, adiponectin and LDL cholesterol increased significantly. Total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and FGF-21 levels did not change significantly. CONCLUSIONS Laparoscopic greater curvature plication appears to be a procedure with good restriction results, which might be mediated through alteration in incretin metabolism. Technical aspects and standardization of the procedure still remain to be worked out.